Academy - Antique and Vintage Cameras

Academy

1881

Marion & Co.

London

England

Image of Academy

Lens:
f4.5, c.2" Petzval type lens. Fixed aperture.

Shutter:
Rotary sector, spring powered. Fixed speed.

Construction:
Polished wood, dovetail joints.

Format:
12, 1 ¼" x 1 ¼" plates held in internal changing mechanism.

Focusing:
Sliding lens to 2' 3".

Attributes:
Direct ground glass view-finder behind viewing lens. Viewing lens moves for focusing.

Notes:
Retailer's paper label on top of camera; B. Wyles & Co. Artist, Photographers and Miniature Painters. Prize Medal 1875. SOUTHPORT.

With:
Part of cardboard box.

The Academy is an early magazine hand camera. It consists of a pair of vertically mounted lenses which slide for focusing. Behind the top lens is a ground glass screen. To expose a plate the camera is inverted a brass knob is pulled which opens a shutter to the magazine allowing a plate to drop to the exposing position. After exposure the knob is again pulled (against a spring) and the plate drops back into the magazine which is then moved one position.

In 1887 a New Academy was introduced this had a mirror behind the glass screen making the camera into a twin-lens reflex, the smallest model did not have this improvement which was the subject of a patent by V. Driffield.

Seven models were originally produced:

  • No. 1 for 1 ¼" square plates.
  • No. 2 for 2" square plates.
  • No. 3 for 3 ¼" square plates.
  • No. 4 for 3 ¼" x 4 ¼" plates.

Numbers 2, 3 and 4 were available with rectilinear lenses and superior finish, giving models 2A, 3A and 4A. Models except No. 1 had rack and pinion focusing. Several minor variants of the No. 1 exist, the most noticeable being the width of the shutter plate.

The Academy was shown at the RPS exhibition in 1881. A patent by W. Brookes was taken out in 1881, which could be the basis for the camera. The price was £2.10.0.

Benjamin Wyles were photographers and Miniature Painters, the prize medal may refer to the 1875 RPS exhibition where Wyles exhibited several photographs.

References & Notes:
BP 4320/1881.; BP 6013/1886.; Marion's Guide to Photography, 1885, p. 251.; YBP 1887, advertisement.; PJ 1881, p. vi.; PJ 1887, p. iv.

Further Information:
Lothrop, Century, p.27.

Illustrations:
Phillips Cat. 27/10/82 lot 125. 3 ¼" square model.; Phillips Cat. 6/11/91 lot 376.; Sci. Mus. Cat. p.24, p.94. Improved Academy.; Christie's Cat. 7/5/98 lot 438. 2" x 2" Improved model.; Christie's Cat. 15/5/92 lot 307. A model labelled "Rowland Ward Naturalist's Camera, 166 Piccadilly".; Another model by Rowland Ward is in the Oxford Science Museum.; Christie's Cat. 10/11/88 lot 165.; Christie's Cat. 16/10/74 lot 33.

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